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13. Mendelian Genetics

Punnett Square Probability

13. Mendelian Genetics

Punnett Square Probability

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Punnett Square Probability

Punnett Square Probability

Jason Amores Sumpter

Rule of Multiplication (the AND Rule)

Rule of Multiplication (the AND Rule)

Jason Amores Sumpter

Rule of Addition (the OR Rule)

Rule of Addition (the OR Rule)

Jason Amores Sumpter

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Probability in genetics I

Probability in genetics I

Probabilities and Punnett Squares

Probabilities and Punnett Squares

Dihybrid Crosses & The Rule of Multiplication

Dihybrid Crosses & The Rule of Multiplication

Genetics: Product Rule

Genetics: Product Rule

Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

Calculate the probability of 2 heterozygous (Rr) parents having 3 homozygous recessive (rr) offspring.

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Multiple Choice

What is the probability that a plant from a monohybrid cross of heterozygous parents, is homozygous dominant OR homozygous recessive?

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Multiple Choice

A blue-eyed female that is homozygous recessive and a brown-eyed male that is heterozygous mate, producing two offspring. What is the probability that one child will have blue eyes AND one will have brown eyes? (Eye color is controlled by a single gene).

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Multiple Choice

A homozygous dominant male has a child with a heterozygous female. What is the probability that the child will have the same genotype as its father OR its mother?

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Multiple Choice

A woman with type O blood is expecting a child. Her husband is type A. Both the woman's father and her husband's father had type B blood. What is the probability that the child will have type O blood?

Multiple Choice

Pea flowers may be purple (P) or white (p). Pea seeds may be round (R) or wrinkled (r). What proportion of the offspring from the cross PpRr × PpRr will have white flowers and wrinkled seeds?

Multiple Choice

An AABbccDdEeFF individual is crossed with an individual with the genotype AaBBCCDdEeff. What is the probability that their offspring will have the genotype AaBBCcddEEFf?

Multiple Choice

If each parent can produce 100 genetically distinct gametes, how many genetically distinct offspring can two parents produce?

Multiple Choice

Michelle and Keith are apparently healthy, but their daughter was born with alkaptonuria, an inherited metabolic disorder. If alkaptonuria is like most other human hereditary disorders, the probability of their next child being born with alkaptonuria is __________.

Textbook Question

A man has six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot. His wife and their daughter have the normal number of digits. Remember that extra digits is a dominant trait. What fraction of this couple's children would be expected to have extra digits?

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Textbook Question

DRAW IT Two pea plants heterozygous for the characters of pod color and pod shape are crossed. Draw a Punnett square to determine the phenotypic ratios of the offspring.

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Textbook Question

Flower position, stem length, and seed shape are three characters that Mendel studied. Each is controlled by an independently assorting gene and has dominant and recessive expression as indicated in Table 14.1. If a plant that is heterozygous for all three characters is allowed to self-fertilize, what proportion of the offspring would you expect to be each of the following? (Note: Use the rules of probability instead of a huge Punnett square.) a. homozygous for the three dominant traits b. homozygous for the three recessive traits c. heterozygous for all three characters d. homozygous for axial and tall, heterozygous for seed shape

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Textbook Question

Tim and Jan both have freckles but their son Mike does not. Show with a Punnett square how this is possible. If Tim and Jan have two more children, what is the probability that both will have freckles?

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Textbook Question

The genotype of F1 individuals in a tetrahybrid cross is AaBbCcDd. Assuming independent assortment of these four genes, what are the probabilities that F2 offspring will have the following genotypes? a. aabbccdd b. AaBbCcDd c. AABBCCDD d. AaBBccDd e. AaBBCCdd

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Textbook Question

Both Tim and Jan have a widow's peak (see Module 9.8), but Mike has a straight hairline. What are their genotypes? What is the probability that Tim and Jan's next child will have freckles and a straight hairline?

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Textbook Question

What is the probability that each of the following pairs of parents will produce the indicated offspring? (Assume independent assortment of all gene pairs.) a. AABBCC×aabbcc→AaBbCc b. AABbCc×AaBbCc→AAbbCC c. AaBbCc×AaBbCc→AaBbCc d. aaBbCC×AABbcc→AaBbCc

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Textbook Question

In rabbits, black hair depends on a dominant allele, B, and brown hair on a recessive allele, b. Short hair is due to a dominant allele, S, and long hair to a recessive allele, s. If a true-breeding black short-haired male is mated with a brown long-haired female, describe their offspring. What will be the genotypes of the offspring? If two of these F1 rabbits are mated, what phenotypes would you expect among their offspring? In what proportions?

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Textbook Question

In fruit flies, the genes for wing shape and body stripes are linked. In a fly whose genotype is WwSs, W is linked to S, and w is linked to s. Show how this fly can produce gametes containing four different combinations of alleles. Which are parental-type gametes? Which are recombinant gametes? How are the recombinants produced?

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Textbook Question

SCIENTIFIC THINKING The breakthrough that led Bateson and Punnett to recognize the existence of linked genes was the appearance of unexpected results after they crossed double heterozygous pea plants (PpLl) with each other. Imagine that you have a group of Labrador retrievers that are all heterozygous for both coat color and blindness (BbNn). If you used this group of dogs to produce 160 puppies, how many puppies of each phenotype do you expect to get if the genes are not linked? How would the results differ if the genes are in fact linked?

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