18. Biotechnology

Human DNA cut with restriction enzyme A can be joined to:

Each restriction enzyme has a specific sequence of nucleotides where it cuts the DNA. These sequences of DNA are unique to each restriction enzyme and are known as:

The single-stranded ends of DNA molecules can be joined together by:

The process of using DNA from one organism to alter the characteristics of another is called:

What is a plasmid?

a. An organelle found in many bacteria and certain eukaryotes

b. A circular DNA molecule that replicates independently of the main chromosome(s)

c. A type of virus that has a DNA genome and infects certain types of human cells, including lung and respiratory tract tissue

d. A type of virus that has an RNA genome, codes for reverse transcriptase, and inserts a cDNA copy of its genome into cells

After finding a gene that causes a disease, researchers often introduce the defective allele into mice to create an animal model of the disease. Why are these models valuable?

a. They allow the testing of potential drug therapies without endangering human patients.

b. They allow the sequencing of the mutant allele.

c. They allow the production of large quantities of the defective gene product, usually a protein.

d. They allow the study of how the gene was transmitted from parents to offspring.