7. Energy and Metabolism

2. If acetylcholinesterase became mutated and nonfunctional, which of the following would most likely occur in the synaptic cleft?

The binding of an allosteric inhibitor to an enzyme causes the rate of product formation by the enzyme to decrease. Which of the following best explains why this decrease occurs?

Which of the following statements about allosteric proteins is/are true?

The process of stabilizing the structure of an enzyme in its active form by the binding of a molecule outside the active site is an example of __________.

Which of these statements about enzyme inhibitors is true?

Succinylcholine is structurally almost identical to acetylcholine. If succinylcholine is added to a mixture that contains acetylcholine and the enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine (but not succinylcholine), the rate of acetylcholine hydrolysis is decreased. Subsequent addition of more acetylcholine restores the original rate of acetylcholine hydrolysis. Which of the following correctly explains this observation?

Sometimes inhibitors can be harmful to a cell; often they are beneficial. Explain.

Organophosphates (organic compounds containing phosphate groups) are commonly used as insecticides to improve crop yield. Organophosphates typically interfere with nerve signal transmission by inhibiting the enzymes that degrade transmitter molecules. They affect humans and other vertebrates as well as insects. Thus, the use of organophosphate pesticides poses some health risks. On the other hand, these molecules break down rapidly upon exposure to air and sunlight. As a consumer, what level of risk are you willing to accept in exchange for an abundant and affordable food supply?