In antifungal therapy, which class of drugs is typically fungicidal (kills fungi) by forming pores in the fungal cell membrane?

• A. Azoles (e.g., fluconazole)
• B. Polyenes (e.g., amphotericin B)
• C. Echinocandins (e.g., caspofungin)
• D. Griseofulvin

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the mechanism of action of each antifungal drug class listed: Azoles, Polyenes, Echinocandins, and Griseofulvin.
2. Recall that Azoles inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, but are generally fungistatic (inhibit growth rather than kill).
3. Recognize that Polyenes, such as amphotericin B, bind directly to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane and create pores, leading to leakage of cellular contents and fungal cell death, making them fungicidal.
4. Note that Echinocandins inhibit the synthesis of β-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall, and are typically fungicidal against certain fungi but do not form pores in the membrane.
5. Understand that Griseofulvin disrupts fungal mitosis by binding to microtubules and is fungistatic, not fungicidal, and does not act by forming pores.