Vaccination is used to build what type of immunity in a patient?

• A. Natural passive immunity.
• B. Artificial passive immunity.
• C. Natural active immunity. 
• D. Artificial active immunity.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the types of immunity: Immunity can be classified based on how it is acquired (naturally or artificially) and whether the immune response is active or passive.
2. Define natural immunity: Natural active immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a pathogen and their immune system actively produces antibodies and memory cells. Natural passive immunity happens when antibodies are transferred from mother to child, such as through breast milk.
3. Define artificial immunity: Artificial active immunity is when immunity is developed through deliberate exposure to an antigen, such as through vaccination, which stimulates the immune system to produce its own antibodies and memory cells. Artificial passive immunity involves the direct transfer of antibodies, such as through antibody-containing serum injections.
4. Identify vaccination type: Since vaccination introduces an antigen to stimulate the body's own immune response without causing disease, it is an example of artificial active immunity.
5. Conclude that vaccination builds artificial active immunity because it actively engages the immune system to produce a long-lasting defense against specific pathogens.