Which of the following statements concerning biofilms is correct?

• A. Biofilms do not play a role in chronic infections.
• B. Biofilms consist only of single species of bacteria growing in liquid media.
• C. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and are embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix.
• D. Biofilms are easily removed by standard antibiotic treatments.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definition of a biofilm: Biofilms are structured communities of microorganisms that attach to surfaces and produce a protective extracellular matrix.
2. Evaluate the role of biofilms in infections: Biofilms are known to contribute to chronic infections because their matrix protects microbes from the host immune system and antibiotics.
3. Consider the composition of biofilms: Biofilms can consist of multiple species of bacteria and other microorganisms, not just a single species, and they can grow on various surfaces, not only in liquid media.
4. Analyze the resistance of biofilms to treatments: Biofilms are generally resistant to standard antibiotic treatments due to their protective matrix and altered microbial physiology.
5. Conclude that the correct statement is the one describing biofilms as communities of microorganisms adhering to surfaces and embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix.