Which group of bacteria is capable of growing at cold temperatures (e.g., around 0–15°C) and often has an optimum growth temperature below 15°C?

• A. Mesophiles
• B. Hyperthermophiles
• C. Thermophiles
• D. Psychrophiles

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the classification of bacteria based on their temperature growth ranges: Psychrophiles, Mesophiles, Thermophiles, and Hyperthermophiles.
2. Recall that Psychrophiles are bacteria that thrive at cold temperatures, typically between 0°C and 15°C, with an optimum growth temperature below 15°C.
3. Recognize that Mesophiles prefer moderate temperatures, usually between 20°C and 45°C, which is higher than the cold range specified.
4. Note that Thermophiles and Hyperthermophiles grow at much higher temperatures, generally above 45°C and 80°C respectively, so they are not adapted to cold environments.
5. Conclude that the group capable of growing at cold temperatures around 0–15°C with an optimum below 15°C is Psychrophiles.