A scientist is examining more than one species of bacteria under a microscope at the same time. The scientist decides to differentiate the bacterial cells based on their cell wall/cell envelope structure. Which staining technique should she use?

• A. Gram-staining.
• B. Basic staining.
• C. Envelope staining.
• D. None of the above.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the purpose of the staining technique: The goal is to differentiate bacterial species based on their cell wall structure.
2. Recall the characteristics of Gram-staining: This technique differentiates bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative based on the composition of their cell walls, specifically the thickness of the peptidoglycan layer.
3. Consider the other options: Basic staining is a general technique that stains all cells, not differentiating between types. Envelope staining is not a standard method for differentiating cell wall structures.
4. Evaluate the options: Gram-staining is specifically designed to differentiate bacteria based on cell wall structure, making it the most appropriate choice for the scientist's needs.
5. Conclude that Gram-staining is the correct technique to use for differentiating bacterial species based on their cell wall structure.