Many species of Archaea are known to thrive in environments in which most living things would not survive. We call these Archaea…  

• A. Extremophiles.
• B. Thermophiles.
• C. Halophiles.
• D. Acidophiles.
• E. Alkaliphiles.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'Archaea': Archaea are a group of microorganisms that are similar to bacteria but have distinct genetic and biochemical characteristics. They are known for their ability to survive in extreme environments.
2. Identify the environments mentioned: The problem states that these Archaea thrive in environments where most living things would not survive. This indicates extreme conditions.
3. Define 'Extremophiles': Extremophiles are organisms that live in extreme conditions, such as high temperature, high salinity, or extreme pH levels. This term is a general category that includes several types of extremophiles.
4. Recognize specific types of extremophiles: The options provided (Thermophiles, Halophiles, Acidophiles, Alkaliphiles) are specific types of extremophiles. Each type is adapted to a particular extreme condition.
5. Match the correct term: Since the problem asks for the general term for Archaea that thrive in extreme environments, the correct answer is 'Extremophiles', which encompasses all the specific types listed.