Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. glycocalyx—adherence
b. pili—reproduction
c. cell wall—toxin
d. cell wall—protection
e. plasma membrane—transport

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the function of each component mentioned in the pairs.
2. Understand that the glycocalyx is involved in adherence to surfaces, which is correctly matched.
3. Recognize that pili are primarily involved in attachment and conjugation, not reproduction, which might be mismatched.
4. Know that the cell wall provides structural support and protection, not directly related to toxin production, which might be mismatched.
5. Acknowledge that the plasma membrane is involved in transport of substances in and out of the cell, which is correctly matched.

Key Concepts

Glycocalyx

The glycocalyx is a sticky layer of polysaccharides and proteins that surrounds the cell membrane of some bacteria. It plays a crucial role in adherence to surfaces and protection against desiccation and immune responses. Understanding its function helps clarify why it is correctly matched with adherence.

Pili

Pili are hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that facilitate attachment to surfaces and other cells. While they can play a role in genetic exchange during reproduction, their primary function is adherence, making the pairing with reproduction potentially misleading.

Cell Wall

The cell wall is a rigid structure that provides shape and protection to bacterial cells. It is essential for maintaining cell integrity and can also act as a barrier against toxins. Understanding its protective role is vital for evaluating its mismatched pairing with toxin.