Multiple Choice
The route a pathogen uses to enter the human host is called the:
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21. Principles of Disease
Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins
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The term endotoxin is synonymous with:
A
A-B toxins.
B
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
C
Phospholipase.
D
None of the above.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the definition of endotoxins: Endotoxins are toxins that are part of the outer membrane of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria.
Recognize the structure of Gram-negative bacteria: These bacteria have an outer membrane that contains lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide.
Identify the role of lipopolysaccharides (LPS): LPS is a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and is responsible for the toxic effects associated with endotoxins.
Differentiate between endotoxins and exotoxins: Exotoxins, such as A-B toxins, are secreted by bacteria and have different mechanisms of action compared to endotoxins.
Conclude that the term endotoxin is synonymous with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as it is the component responsible for the endotoxin activity in Gram-negative bacteria.
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