Which cellular structure is primarily disrupted by cationic detergents during membrane transport studies?

• A. Mitochondria
• B. Plasma membrane
• C. Nucleus
• D. Ribosomes

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the nature of cationic detergents: these are positively charged molecules that interact with negatively charged components of cellular membranes.
2. Recall that the plasma membrane is composed mainly of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, and it carries a net negative charge on its surface due to phosphate groups.
3. Recognize that cationic detergents disrupt membranes by binding to and solubilizing the lipid bilayer, leading to membrane destabilization and increased permeability.
4. Identify that among the options given (mitochondria, plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes), the plasma membrane is the primary cellular structure affected because it is the outermost barrier and directly exposed to detergents.
5. Conclude that cationic detergents primarily disrupt the plasma membrane during membrane transport studies by compromising its integrity and function.