__________ is the slime-like layer of polysaccharides on the outer surface of bacterial cells.

• A. The outer membrane
• B. The cytoplasm
• C. The glycocalyx
• D. The periplasm
• E. The S-layer

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure of bacterial cells: Bacterial cells have several layers that contribute to their structure and function, including the cell wall, outer membrane, and various surface layers.
2. Identify the glycocalyx: The glycocalyx is a slime-like layer composed primarily of polysaccharides that covers the outer surface of bacterial cells. It serves various functions such as protection, adherence, and evasion of the host immune system.
3. Differentiate between the glycocalyx and other bacterial cell components: The outer membrane is part of the cell envelope in Gram-negative bacteria, the cytoplasm is the internal fluid of the cell, the periplasm is the space between the inner and outer membranes, and the S-layer is a proteinaceous layer found in some bacteria.
4. Recognize the role of the glycocalyx: It can exist in two forms, a capsule or a slime layer, both of which help bacteria adhere to surfaces and protect against desiccation and phagocytosis.
5. Conclude that the glycocalyx is the correct answer: Based on the description of a slime-like layer of polysaccharides on the outer surface of bacterial cells, the glycocalyx fits this definition.