Which bacterial surface structure primarily helps the cell adhere (stick) to surfaces and host tissues?

• A. Endospores
• B. Flagella
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Fimbriae (attachment pili)

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the function of each bacterial surface structure listed: Endospores, Flagella, Ribosomes, and Fimbriae (attachment pili).
2. Recall that Endospores are specialized structures for survival under harsh conditions, not for adhesion.
3. Recognize that Flagella are primarily used for motility, allowing bacteria to move, rather than sticking to surfaces.
4. Know that Ribosomes are intracellular structures responsible for protein synthesis and are not involved in adhesion.
5. Identify that Fimbriae (attachment pili) are short, hair-like projections on the bacterial surface that enable the cell to adhere to surfaces and host tissues, facilitating colonization and infection.