Specifically, interferons are ______.

• A. enzymes that digest bacterial cell walls
• B. phagocytic cells that engulf pathogens
• C. antiviral proteins produced by host cells in response to viral infection
• D. antibodies produced by B lymphocytes

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of interferons in the immune system: Interferons are proteins produced by host cells as a response to viral infections.
2. Recognize that interferons are not enzymes; enzymes typically catalyze biochemical reactions, such as digesting bacterial cell walls, which is not the function of interferons.
3. Identify that interferons are not phagocytic cells; phagocytic cells like macrophages engulf pathogens, but interferons are signaling proteins.
4. Distinguish interferons from antibodies; antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes and specifically bind to antigens, whereas interferons help inhibit viral replication and activate immune responses.
5. Conclude that interferons are antiviral proteins produced by host cells in response to viral infection, which helps the body defend against viruses.