What does it mean when a bacterial cell is naturally competent?

• A. The bacterial cell is able to transform its chromosomal DNA into RNA.
• B. The bacterial cell is able to transform DNA from their environment.
• C. The bacterial cell is able to degrade viral DNA from attacking viruses.
• D. The bacterial cell is able to take in naked DNA and incorporate that DNA into its genome.
• E. A and C.
• F. B and D.

Answer: (F)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of natural competence: Natural competence refers to the ability of some bacteria to take up extracellular DNA from their environment and incorporate it into their own genome.
2. Differentiate between transformation and other genetic processes: Transformation is the process by which a bacterial cell takes up naked DNA from its surroundings, which is a key aspect of natural competence.
3. Evaluate the given options: Option A describes transcription, which is not related to natural competence. Option C describes a defense mechanism against viruses, not related to DNA uptake.
4. Identify the correct options: Option B correctly describes the ability of a naturally competent bacterial cell to transform DNA from the environment. Option D accurately describes the incorporation of naked DNA into the bacterial genome.
5. Conclude with the correct answer: Based on the understanding of natural competence, the correct options are B and D, as they both describe aspects of the process of natural competence in bacteria.