Which component of a virus is typically injected into a host cell during infection?

• A. Envelope lipids
• B. Capsid proteins
• C. Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
• D. Surface glycoproteins

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure of a virus, which typically includes the nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA), a protein coat called the capsid, sometimes an envelope made of lipids, and surface glycoproteins.
2. Recognize that during infection, the virus must deliver its genetic material into the host cell to hijack the host's machinery for replication.
3. Identify that the envelope lipids and surface glycoproteins mainly function in virus attachment and entry but are not the material injected into the host cell.
4. Know that capsid proteins protect the nucleic acid but generally do not enter the host cell; instead, the capsid often disassembles to release the nucleic acid inside the host.
5. Conclude that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) is the component typically injected into the host cell during infection, as it carries the genetic information necessary for viral replication.