Which of the following best describes the components of a viral nucleocapsid?

• A. Lipid membrane and enzymes
• B. Capsid and cell wall
• C. Envelope and glycoproteins
• D. Nucleic acid and a protein capsid

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'nucleocapsid': it refers to the combination of the viral nucleic acid (genetic material) and the protein coat that surrounds it, called the capsid.
2. Recall that the capsid is made up of protein subunits called capsomeres, which protect the viral genome and aid in its delivery into host cells.
3. Differentiate the nucleocapsid from other viral components such as the envelope (a lipid membrane derived from the host cell) and glycoproteins (proteins with carbohydrate groups on the viral surface).
4. Recognize that the nucleocapsid specifically excludes the lipid membrane and enzymes, which are separate viral structures or associated with the envelope.
5. Conclude that the best description of the viral nucleocapsid components is the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) plus the protein capsid, as this combination forms the core structure of the virus.