Which of the following terms specifically describes the metabolic process of breaking down large molecules?

• A. Catabolism.
• B. Metabolism.
• C. Anabolism.
• D. Dehydration.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the key terms: Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in a cell, including both building up and breaking down processes.
2. Differentiate between catabolism and anabolism: Catabolism refers to the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy. Anabolism is the opposite, involving the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy.
3. Identify the process described in the question: The question asks for the term that describes the breakdown of large molecules, which aligns with the definition of catabolism.
4. Consider the other options: Metabolism is too broad as it includes both catabolic and anabolic processes. Anabolism is incorrect as it involves building up molecules. Dehydration is a type of reaction, not a metabolic process.
5. Conclude that the correct term for the breakdown of large molecules is catabolism, as it specifically describes the process of breaking down molecules to release energy.