Multiple Choice
Which of the following characteristics is true for bacterioplankton?
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1. Introduction to Microbiology
Members of the Bacterial World
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Which of the following is NOT a membrane-disrupting toxin produced by bacteria?
A
Botulinum toxin
B
Leukocidin
C
Hemolysin
D
Streptolysin O
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the definition of membrane-disrupting toxins: these are bacterial toxins that damage or disrupt the integrity of host cell membranes, often causing cell lysis or death.
Review each toxin option and identify its mode of action: Leukocidin, Hemolysin, and Streptolysin O are known to disrupt membranes by forming pores or lysing cells.
Recall that Botulinum toxin acts differently; it is a neurotoxin that inhibits neurotransmitter release, leading to paralysis, rather than disrupting cell membranes.
Compare the mechanisms to confirm that Botulinum toxin does not disrupt membranes, unlike the other listed toxins.
Conclude that Botulinum toxin is the exception and therefore the correct answer to the question.
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