Which term describes the process of bombardment with radiation at the cellular level to control microbes?

• A. Filtration
• B. Irradiation
• C. Lyophilization
• D. Pasteurization

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the question asks for the term describing the use of radiation to control microbes at the cellular level.
2. Recall that filtration involves physically removing microbes by passing a liquid or gas through a filter, not using radiation.
3. Recognize that lyophilization refers to freeze-drying, a dehydration process used for preservation, not radiation.
4. Know that pasteurization uses heat to reduce microbial load, not radiation.
5. Identify that irradiation is the process of exposing microbes to ionizing radiation (such as gamma rays or X-rays) to damage their cellular components and control their growth.