Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following amides with NaOH:
d.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional group in the amide. Amides consist of a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to a nitrogen atom (N). Hydrolysis of an amide involves breaking the bond between the carbonyl carbon and the nitrogen atom.
2. Understand the reaction conditions. Hydrolysis with NaOH (a strong base) results in the formation of a carboxylate ion (R-COO⁻) and an amine (R'-NH₂ or R'-NH depending on the structure of the amide).
3. Examine the structure of the given amide (from the image) to determine the R group attached to the carbonyl carbon and the R' group attached to the nitrogen atom. These groups will dictate the products of the reaction.
4. Write the products of the reaction. The carbonyl carbon will form a carboxylate ion (R-COO⁻) due to the reaction with NaOH, and the nitrogen atom will form an amine (R'-NH₂ or R'-NH). Represent these products using condensed structural formulas or line-angle formulas.
5. Ensure the products are balanced and consistent with the reaction mechanism. Verify that the number of atoms and charges are conserved in the reaction.

Key Concepts

Hydrolysis of Amides

Hydrolysis of amides involves the reaction of an amide with water, often facilitated by a base like NaOH. This process breaks the amide bond, resulting in the formation of a carboxylic acid and an amine or ammonia. Understanding this reaction is crucial for predicting the products and their structures.

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula provides a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It is useful for visualizing the molecular structure and understanding functional groups. In the context of hydrolysis, it helps in illustrating the products formed from the reaction.

Line-Angle Formula

The line-angle formula, or skeletal formula, is a shorthand representation of organic molecules where vertices represent carbon atoms and lines represent bonds. This format is particularly useful for depicting larger molecules clearly and efficiently. It allows chemists to quickly visualize the structure of the products resulting from the hydrolysis of amides.