Parts per Million (ppm) - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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Parts per Million (ppm) and Parts per Billion (ppb) are used to express extremely dilute solution concentrations.
Parts per Million
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Parts per Million (ppm) Concept 1
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here, we're going to say that extremely dilute solution concentrations are expressed in parts per million, abbreviated as PPM or parts per billion. I'll bring it as PPB. Now we're gonna stay here. Units can either be in mass or volume when it comes to PPM or PPB. Now let's take a look at parts per million. We're gonna say this represents the number of parts either in grams or milliliters per one million parts. And remember one million is 10 to the sixth. In a quick solution. Helpful thing to help to help you with parts per million, is that one? Parts per million is equivalent to one mg per one leader. So here we take a look at parts per million, we can look at it, look at it and neither are form of mass or in a form of volume. After looking at parts per million in terms of mass, we're gonna say it equals grams of solute divided by grams of solution times 10 to the six. And if we're looking at parts per million in terms of volume, then it becomes milliliters of solute divided by milliliters of solution times 10 to the six. So this setup should be kind of reminiscent of mass percent, where it be grams over grams times 100%. Now, instead of 100% we're now dealing with 10 to the six because we're dealing with a million parts, one million parts. All right, So just keep in mind we deal with PPM and later on PPB when discussing very extremely diluted concentrations.
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Parts per Million (ppm) Example 1
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What is the concentration in parts per million of D. D. T. A Non biodegradable pesticide in two mg? In one kg needle, fish tissue. All right. So we want parts per million. So that's going to equal the grams of our salute divided by grands of solution Times 10 to the six. We have an issue though. These units are not ingram's ones and milligrams once in kilograms, convert them both programs first. So we have two mg. Remember one mg when millie is 10 to the negative three. So that's 2.0 times 10 to the -3 gramps. And then remember, one kg is equivalent to 1000 g. So we take that we plug it in. So we have 2.0 times 10 to the negative three g. Divided by 1000 g Times 10 to the six. When we do that, we get back to zero ppm. So that will be our parts per million of DDT. For this particular example. Question
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Parts per Million (ppm) Concept 2
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PPB, otherwise known as parts per billion represents the number of parts either in grams or middle liters per one billion parts. And remember one billion is 10 to the nine. Now when in aqueous solutions, just remember that we can make the connection that one PPB equals one microgram per one leader. Now when dealing with parts per billion in terms of mass we're gonna say it's equal two g of solute divided by grams of solution times 10 to the nine. And when looking at parts per billion in terms of volume, it then becomes milliliters of solution divided by milliliters or millions of solute divided by milliliters of solution times 10 to the nine. So just keep in mind when dealing with parts per billion and a quick solution. There's this connection and also the difference between parts per billion when dealing with mass and when dealing with volume.
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Parts per Million (ppm) Example 2
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A 2.4 L sample of an adequate solution contains . ml of ammonia. What is the concentration of ammonia in the solution expressed as parts per billion. All right. Since we're dealing with volume here, that must mean we're dealing with parts per billion in terms of volume. So we'd say here parts per billion would equal the middle leaders of our salute. Divided by mill leaders of our solution, which in this case is our sample Times 10 to the night. Here we plug in .012 middle leaders of our ammonia, which is our salute Divided by now we need to convert leaders in two ml and remember that for everyone millie, it's 10 to the negative three leaders. So here that comes out to 2400 ml, which is what we're gonna place over here. And then times 10 to the 9th when we do that, that's going to give me as an answer. 5000 parts per billion. And out of the choice is shown options, option B would be the correct answer. So be 5000 parts per billion would be the correct concentration of NH three expressed in parts per billion.
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Problem
Problem
A 5.12 L sample of solution contains 0.230 g of potassium sulfate, K2SO4. Determine the concentration of K2SO4 in ppm if the density of the solution is 1.30 g/mL.
A
34.6 ppm
B
28.9 ppm
C
22.3 ppm
D
43.6 ppm
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Problem
Problem
Calculate the concentration in parts per billion of the following aqueous solution:0.91 mg of caffeine in a total volume of 131 mL.
A
0.14 ppb
B
0.0069 ppb
C
140 ppb
D
6900 ppb
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Problem
Problem
Glucose makes up about 0.102% by mass of human blood. Calculate this concentration in ppm.
A
102 ppm
B
0.102 ppm
C
0.00102 ppm
D
1020 ppm
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Problem
Problem
The average human body contains about 5,000 grams of blood. What mass of arsenic is present in the body if the amount in blood is 0.86 ppb?
A
5.8 x 1012 g
B
4.3 x 1012 g
C
4.3 x 10-6 g
D
5.8 x 10-6 g
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Problem
Problem
A water sample contains the pollutant chlorobenzene with a concentration of 16 ppm (by volume). What volume of this water contains 5.01×102 mL of chlorobenzene?
A
3.1 x 107 mL
B
3.2 x 104 mL
C
1.6 x 106 mL
D
8.0 x 1010 mL
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