GOB Chemistry

Learn the toughest concepts covered in your GOB - General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry class with step-by-step video tutorials and practice problems.

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Electronic Structure

Electronic Structure of the atom is based on the following principles:shell, subshell and orbital.

Electronic Structure

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Electronic Structure Concept 1

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When we discuss the atom, we can take a look at its electronic structure. We're gonna say the modern description of the electronic structure of an atom is based on the following principles. First we have the show the shell is the orbit that the electrons take as they travel around the nucleus. Once we go past the show, we go to our next level within it, the sub shell or sub level. This is the region where a group of electrons in an atom are located within the same shell. Now, what's important here is that the sub shells use certain variables. These variables are the letters of S. P. D and F. Finally we have our orbit itself. This orbital itself. This is the region within a sub shell where specific electrons can be found. So basically as we go from shell to sub shell to orbital, we're looking more and more into the atom to find the exact location of a particular electron. Now that we've gone over the basic structure of an atom. In in terms of these three terms, let's click on the next video and let's look at an actual adam
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Electronic Structure Concept 2

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the goal of revealing the electronic structure of an atom is to help us locate a particular electron. Now, when we take a look at the atom, we're going to say that the black circle that shows the atom represents our shell, the shell gives us the size and energy involved. Once we go past the shell, so I'm gonna go past the shell to this blue part here. This blue part here represents our sub shell. The sub shell gives us the shape of an orbital within a sub shop. Okay, so it gives us the sheep. Once we go past that, we go into the red portion, this red portion represents our orbital. The orbital itself gives us the orientation of electrons in these in a set of orbital's. And then finally, when we go past that, we go to this green, we know that is an electron and electrons within an orbital can spin either clockwise or counterclockwise. When we get to the electron, we can examine the spin the electron ticks. So when we're talking about electronic structure, the breakdown is we're looking at the atom, the atom we go past and we look at its shells from its shelves. We can look at its sub shells beyond the sub shells, we look at its orbital's. Mhm and within the orbital's is where we find our particular electron, and we can look at how the electron spins either clockwise or counterclockwise. So this is the whole basic idea of electronic structure or examining an atom in hopes of finding an electron and examining how it spins either clockwise or counterclockwise within a particular orbital.
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example

Electronic Structure Example 1

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If the path of an electron with an orbital can be seen as an ellipses, what best describes this image. So in ellipses, if you didn't know, kind of looks like eight, number Eight, you can drive vertically or horizontally and more. Talking about ellipses, it is a shape not which one of the terms that we use to discuss the shape of an orbital. We know that size and energy are based on the shell. Energy level is the same thing as energy level, which is the same thing as shell. Here, electron wouldn't be accurate. The answer has to be be the sub shaw talks about the shape of a given orbital and here ellipses would be one of those shapes.
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Problem

Which term can best describe the electron shown in the following image?

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