Naming Other Substituents - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems

Alkyl Halides Concept 1

So remember that an alko haid is just an alkyl group connected to a halogen. Here, we're going to say that halogens attached to a carbon chain are named as substituents fluorine. As a substituent is called Floo chlorine is called Chloro Bromine is called bromo iodine is called AODA. In terms of our naming convention, they're acting as substituents. So we'd have to give their numerical location in terms of our parent chain. They are substituents with these names. And then we have to worry about what is the parent chain? Is it a six membered chain? Is it cyclic, et cetera? So just remember when it comes to naming organic compounds, these halogens serve as substituents and as substituents, they're given these new names.

Alkyl Halides Example 1

So here it says, determine systematic name of a follow. Now cane our job is first to find the longest carbon chain which represents our parent chain. We're utilizing steps 1 to 6. Remember we're utilizing the rules that we learned in terms of naming our cans with substituents. If you haven't watched those videos, make sure you go back and take a look at those six steps. So here, 1234567899 seems to be the longest chain that we can have in terms of this um Alcaine. So that is our parent chain. So we'll highlight it for ourselves. Now, remember we number from the end closest to a substituent. Here we have a three carbon substituent, a one carbon substituent and Bromine 1234 to get to this three carbon substituent or 123 to get to the Bromine substituent, we number it from the end closest to a substituent. So we're gonna number it from the right side. So 123456789, nine carbons means that our alkane is no name. Now, our substituents three carbon substituent with the bond on the metal carbon means that this is isopropyl, one carbon substituent would be methyl. And then Bromine is broma. Remember we basically name, we number these for their location and we write them alphabetically B comes before I, I comes before M. So we start out with three dash bromo dash. Isopropyl is on 66 isopropyl and then methyl is on 55 methyl, no name. So this would be the name of this particular alkane compound. Here we have the introduction of our halogen bromine group which is listed as Bromo.

Name the following compound.

• A. 3-fluoro-1-ethylpentane
• B. 3-fluoro-1-ethylcyclopentane
• C. 1-ethyl-3-fluorocyclopentane
• D. 1-ethyl-4-fluorocyclopentane

Phenyl Group Concept 2

In this video, we're gonna talk about the fennel group. Now, a fennel group is just basically a benzene ring as a substituent on a parent chain. Now, here the parrot chain can be an alkane, an alkene, an alky as long as it's longer than six carbons. Remember the formula for benzene is C six H six, but since it's acting as a substituent, we're gonna deduct away a hydrogen. So here it becomes C six H five connected to something else, a longer chain. That's an alkane alkene or an al kine. Now, this is its condensed formula. If we wanted to look at its skeletal formula. Remember, benzene looks like this. It's a six membered ring with alternating double and single bonds. Five of the carbons have a hydrogen, the sixth one. Remember we took away its hydrogen so it can serve as a substituent or branch group connected something larger than itself because it is a substituent. The naming convention is the location of the fennel group and then the parent chain name. So keep this in mind benzene, when it becomes a substituent, we call it fennel

Phenyl Group Example 2

So here we need to determine the systematic name of the following alkane. Here, our carbon chain is this portion here because it's composed of 12345678 carbons. Remember as long as our carbon chain has more than six carbons, it becomes the parent chain and benzene becomes a substituent. And then besides that benzene, we have these two carbon substituents which are methyl groups. Now, remember we number from the end closest to a substituent, we'd number this end is one because on carbon number one, we immediately have a substituent in the form of benzene. So 12345678 and a carbon chain is octane benzene as a substituent is fenny. And then we have methyl groups on carbon number five. Now we name substituents, alphabetically M comes before P. So those two methyl groups are on five. So we have to list five twice because you have, if you just said five dimethyl, all I would know is that one of the methyl groups is on carbon number five. But where is the other one? Yeah. So we have to say 55 to say that both of them are on that carbon number five. So 55, there's two identical substituents. So we use the numerical prefix dye dimethyl, one phenyl octane. So this would be the name of my Alcaine compound.

Draw a structure for the following alkane: 3-tert-butyl-1-phenylheptane.

• A.
• B.
• C.
• D.