Naming Benzene - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
On a tight schedule?
Get a 10 bullets summary of the topic
1
concept
Monosubstituted Benzene Concept 1
Video duration:
30s
Play a video:
Here in this video, we're gonna take a look at naming mono substituted benzene. Here, we're going to say a mono substituted benzene is a compound where benzene is the parent chain with only one substituent. Now, here, this represents the simplest benzene to name and because there's only one substituent, the location of that substituent is not necessary. So in terms of our naming convention, we have our substituent name followed by the end of the name as benzene.
2
example
Monosubstituted Benzene Example 1
Video duration:
48s
Play a video:
For this example question, it says give a systematic name of the following compound. So here we have benzene and connected to it is this alko group. Now, this alko group has four carbons involved, which means that it could represent butyl iso butyl sec butty or turf butty. Here, we'd say based on the way it looks, we have our connection on this carbon here, which is connected to three methyl groups. This represents a turtle. So the name of the al Q group would be turk beetle. Remember there's a hyphen there and it's connected to a benzene. So we end the name with benzene. So this would be the name of our given compound Turk Buttle, benzene.
3
concept
Disubstituted Benzene Concept 2
Video duration:
2m
Play a video:
Hey, everyone. So in this video, we're gonna take a look at dye substituted benzene, which are compounds where benzene is the parent chain and it has two substituents. Now, these substituents are numbered in alphabetical order. So if we had, for example, fluorine and Bromine bromo comes before floro, so we'd start numbering at the BROMO position. Now here, this would tell us in terms of the naming convention, we'd say the location of each substituent. And at the end of the name, we'd say Benzi. Now benzene itself is pretty unique because we couldn't number where these two substituents are numerically as 1213 or 14 or we could do a brand new way of designating their locations in the form of Ortho meta and Pera here in this example, these are all di chloral benzene. The chlorine are in different locations. Now, here there are positions one and two in this first image here. When they're in new positions one and two, we say 12 Diora or we could say Ortho in the next one, they are 13 to each other. So instead of saying 13, Di Chloro, we could say Meta di Chloro. And then finally, there are positions one and four here. So we have 14 Di Chlor Bene or we could say para di chloral. Now, the two substituents don't have to be the same. They could be the same or they can be different from each other. This Ortho Meta and Para Convention still would work. Now, our memory tool here to help us remember the order is order more pizza. Now, I know in college a lot of us kind of survive on pizza. At least that's the way it was for me when I was in college. So order more pizza, gives us the letter designation of 1213 and 14, order 12 Ortho more 13 meta and pizza 14 pera, right? So keep that in mind, we can name these two substituents by our traditional numerical method or we could do Ortho Meta and Pera.
4
example
Disubstituted Benzene Example 2
Video duration:
1m
Play a video:
Here in this example question, it says give a systematic name of the following compound. In this compound, we have our benzene ring connected to two al heel groups, which happened to be ethyl groups. They're both two carbon chains. Now, here you could start numbering on either carbon position on benzene because they're both the same. So this could be 123 or we could go the other way, 123, five and six. So we have two eels in positions one and three. So their numerical location is 13, there's two of them are the same. So it's die and they are Ethel and we end a name with benzene. So this would be our systematic name. So this would be our answer. Now, if they wanted us to give the common name, if we wanted to with the use of Ortho meta or Pera, since it's 13, we'd say that the more common way of naming it is meta di ethyl benzene. Although the question doesn't ask this, I'm giving it to you just so you can see the differences between the two answers. OK. But our official answer is 13 di ethyl benzene.
5
Problem
Problem
Determine the systematic name of the molecule.
A
1-iodo-4-bromobenzene
B
1-bromo-4-iodobenzene
C
4-bromo-1-iodobenzene
D
4-iodo-1-bromobenzene
6
Problem
Problem
Determine the systematic name of the molecule.
A
ortho-fluoroisopropylbenzene
B
para-fluoroisopropylbenzene
C
meta-fluoroisopropylbenzene
D
1-fluoro-2-tert-butylbenzene
7
concept
Common Naming of Disubstituted Benzene Concept 3
Video duration:
1m
Play a video:
Now many monos substituted benzene have common names in addition to their systematic names. If we take a look here, we have some common names from mono substituted benzene. When there's an oh attached to benzene, it's called fol. When it's an NH two group and a mean group, it's anneline ach three, it becomes talu here och three, this becomes annoy when we have an aldehyde connected, it becomes Benzal hde and when we have a Carboy acid group, it becomes Benzo acid. Now, here we're going to say if a die substituted, meaning it has two groups. Dispute. Benzene has one of these substituents, the common name becomes the parent name. Now we're gonna say Ortho meta and para prefixes denote the relative positions of the two substituents. So if we take a look, we have here, benzene with one of those groups, a methyl group, we know that the common name would, that would be Talu, but it's not just a metal group attached, there's also a chlorine attached, it's in position two. If we make this position one, this would be position two, remember the 12 relationship is Ortho. So that's why it's Ortho here and then it will be chloral for the chlorine. And again, a methyl group connected to benzene is taurine. So the name here would be Ortho chloral Taine.
8
example
Common Naming of Disubstituted Benzene Example 3
Video duration:
1m
Play a video:
Here it says write a common name for the following molecule. So here we have a benzene ring with emphasis on the oh group. In addition to this, we have a bromine. Now, step one is identify the part of the structure with a common name. We're highlighting the oh group. Remember when the oh group is connected to benzene, its common name is phenol Step two, assign name to the other substituent. It's a bromine. So that would be bromo determine the prefix to denote the relative positions of the two substituents. So where the oh is connected is carbon number one and this is 234, the two substituents are in positions one and four which is per and then write the name of the compound without space. This would be per bromo fennel or you could write it as P bromo F all P standing in for Pera. All right. So this will be the name, the common name of this dye substituted benzene.
9
Problem
Problem
Write a common name for the following compound.
A
o-tertbutylbenzoic acid
B
p-isopropylbenzoic acid
C
5-tertbytylbenzoic acid
D
m-isopropylbenzoic acid
10
Problem
Problem
The common name for a disbstituted benzene with two methyl groups is xylene. Draw a structure for meta-xylene.
A
B
C
D
11
concept
Naming Polysubstituted Benzene Concept 4
Video duration:
2m
Play a video:
When it comes to naming polys substituted benzene, we're gonna say that the locations of substituents must be denoted by numbers here. We're going to say that the carbon atom with the substituent that makes the common name is always number one. So if we take a look here, the substituent of entrance interest is the oh group. Its common name is phenol. But in addition to this, we have a bromine group and a chlorine group where the oh group is located as carbon number one. And then we know we need to number it in a way to get to the other two substituents as fast as possible. So we have to go clockwise towards bromine and then 34 towards coal. Now naming it alphabetically, we're gonna say bromo B comes before chloral C to be two bromo for Loral. And then the common name fol. Now, if we take a look here, we have Taine as the common name, which is a benzene connected to ach three group and then it says tri nitro nitro is a pretty common type of substituent on benzene structures. Nitro is designated by no two. So the no two group is the Nitro group. We're gonna say where the NH three group or the ch three group is located is carbon one and then we're gonna go clockwise or you could go counterclockwise because either one, this would be two or this would be two, both substituents, you get to them as fast as possible. So 23456. So there's an no two group on two and no two group on three and then no two group here, oh no, two, group on four and then an no two group on six. Notice how I write six because again, the bond is what's connecting carbon to nitrogen. So I have to write it as n first and then two oxygens later. All right. So here we'd say that the nitro groups on carbons 24 and six, there's three of them. That's why it's tri they are nitro groups and then methyl with um a methyl with a benzene attached is Talee. So the full name here would be 246, tri nitro talu. Now, one more interesting thing about this is if we look at some of the letters T N T, so TNT dynamite, this is the structural makeup of dynamite, right? So 246 tri nitro Taine, you've learned the official name for it, right? So again, when we're dealing with polys substituted benzene, we're gonna use numbers to talk about the locations of all these substituents
12
example
Naming Polysubstituted Benzene Example 4
Video duration:
2m
Play a video:
Write a name for the following compound. So here we have benzene connected to uh two halogens in the form of fluorine and chlorine, an NH two group and an no two group. Remember no two itself represents a nitro group, right? So step one is we identified the substituent that gives the structure a common name here. The structure in question is NH two. OK. We're gonna say here the carbon atom with that substituent is location one. So this would be one, assign names to all the other substituents. So here this would be coral, this would be nitro, this would be floral, continuing numbering the ring in the direction of the closest substituent. Right now, we could say carbon number two could be the one with the chlorine or carbon number two could be the one with the nitro group, right? If a tie between substituents compare the next closest substituent. So here we go, 1234 or 1234. In both cases, the next closest substituent is fluorine, which is on carbon number four. All right. So they're still tied. If still a tie number, the ring in alphabetical order. All right. So here, alphabetical order coral C comes before Nitro N. So this would be the way we count. So 123456, repeat steps from previous naming topic, write the name of the compound without spaces. All right. So we're gonna say that a benzene with an NH two group is called Anneline. That's the common name. And then we would write the substituents alphabetically C is first. So two chloral next is flooring four floral. And then we have a nitro group on 66, nitro, analy, no space between nitro and analy. So this would be the common name for this following polly substituted benzene.
13
Problem
Problem
Write an IUPAC name for the following compound.
A
2-ethyl-6-isopropylphenol
B
2-isopropyl-6-ethylphenol
C
2-isopropyl-6-ethylanisole
D
2-ethyl-6-isopropylanisole
14
Problem
Problem
Draw a structure for 3-chloro-2-ethyl-6-nitrotoluene.