Give names or structures for the following ammonium salts. Ind...

Question

Give names or structures for the following ammonium salts. Indicate whether each is the ammonium salt of a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.

a. Chemical structure of an ammonium salt with a positively charged nitrogen and a nitrate anion.

Accepted Answer

All right. Hi, everyone. So this question says to determine whether the following ammonium salt is a salt of a primary secondary or tertiary mean and give its name. Now, here we have four different answer choices with four different options for the name. But notice how two answer choices propose that it is the salt of a secondary amen. One proposes it is the salt of a primary amine and the other proposes that it is assault of a tertiary amine. And the reason why I wanted to bring that up first is because that can help us actually narrow down our answer choices a bit because before we get into the name, right, recall the ammonium ions or salts or proton versions of amines, I should say. And so a means can be classified as primary secondary or tertiary depending on how many carbon atoms are directly attached. It, it is primary if the nitrogen atom of the amine has one carbon atom attached, it is secondary if nitrogen has two carbon atoms attached and it is tertiary, if nitrogen has three carbon atoms attached. So if I consider the structure I'm given right, I can see that my nitrogen atom of the ammonium ion is directly attached to two carbon atoms. So because of this, we can tell that this ammonium ion is the salt of a secondary a mean. So because of this, I can go ahead and eliminate options A and D because they propose that this is an ammonium salt of a primary or tertiary, I mean respectively. So that would not be correct. So now we can get into the name, right, notice how nitrogen of the ammonium ion is directly attached to two carbon atoms and each carbon atom is part of a different a group. So therefore, this is an example of an asymmetrical ammonium ion. So because there is an asymmetrical ammonium ion, we have to differentiate between a parent chain and a substituent. So by numbering the carbon atoms starting from the one closest to nitrogen, we can compare the length of these ocho groups to each other. And so when I do this, I can see that I have 16 carbon chain and 12 carbon chain. So therefore my the longer carbon chain is going to be the parent chain. And so when naming the parent chain of an ammonium ion, we follow the general formula of the ocho group of the Ocu group, followed by the name ammonium, right. So that would be all kill ammonia. So in this case, the alco group would be a hex group because the parent chain is six carbons long, right? So that would be hex sow ammonium. But we also need a position number to indicate where the nitrogen is on the six carbon chain. And considering the way we numbered the carbon chain previously, nitrogen is attached to carbon three of the parent chain. So before the name hex ammonium should go the number three with a dash to separate numbers from letters. So now we can talk about substituents. Now, in this case, it looks like we have only one substituent directly attached to nitrogen, specifically the two carbon chain that we talked about previously. So here that would be described as an EO group and the EO group is attached to nitrogen directly. So instead of writing a number before it, we would simply write capital N dash ethel to indicate that it is on the nitrogen. So now I would place the name of my substituent before the name of the parent chain. However, numbers and letters should always be separated with a dash. So I'm going to put a dash in between the word ethyl and the number three of our hex ammonium chain. So that becomes N dash ethel dash three dash hex ammonium. But recall also that this is a salt, right? This is an ionic compound that includes an ammonium cion. So in addition to naming the ammonium ion, we have to also include the counter ion. So for the full name of this odium salt, the cion in this case, ammonium is listed first followed by the anion with a space in between both. So here, our anion is cl three negative, which if you recall is known as chlorate, right? And poly atomic ions like chlorate retain their names here. So that gives us n ethyl three heel ammonium chlorate and it is the ammonium salt of a secondary amine. So therefore, our answer is going to be option B in the multiple choice and there you have it. So with that being said, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

Give names or structures for the following ammonium salts. Indicate whether each is the ammonium salt of a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.
a.

Key Concepts

Ammonium Salts

Amines Classification

Protonation and Salt Formation

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