Like double and triple bonds, –OH groups change the reactivity of an alkane. We will now take a deeper look at how to name these functional groups, called alcohols.
1
concept
How to name alcohols
1m
Play a video:
Was this helpful?
similar to double bonds and triple bonds. Alcohols are also going to get a modifier. But that modifier is gonna be instead of being or I and it's gonna be all okay, So actually can remember that the modifier is all just by looking at the word alcohol. Okay, it tells you that the modifier is gonna be all, and it turns out that a lot of the same rules we're gonna apply for the alcohol as double bond. Example. Alcohol is actually gonna receive highest priority when in numbering Al Keynes. What that means is that alcohol is get more priority than anything else. That means if I have an alcohol and an al cane, I'm gonna try to give the alcohol lowest number. But even if I have an alcohol and a double bond, guess what If they're competing against each other, I'm still gonna go with the alcohol. The way that I've always said it in Orgel One is that alcohol beats all all right. And that doesn't mean that it gives you like a hangover the next day and makes you do stupid shit the night before. It means that it's gonna be all the other different subsistence that you could have. Alright, So alcohols are gonna be all
Alcohols are named as modifiers, meaning we add a suffix modifier to the root chain:
Alcohols receive highest priority (even more than double and triple bonds), so try to give them the smallest number possible. Remember:Alcohol beats all!
Naming with Multiple Modifiers
2
concept
Old school vs. new school naming
3m
Play a video:
Was this helpful?
The thing is that there's actually this is I'm just gonna start this whenever we get into the idea of modifiers. Now, we have differences in where we can put the location. Okay, so up. So basically, um, in the previous example, I showed you that you could put the location before the route. And if you do that, that's fine. If you put your location before the route. So, for example, one Pantene, that would be like considered, like the old school method. Okay, and that's fine. But if you have more than one modifier present, then many times it's gonna be more advantageous to use it within the route. Okay, if it's within the root, that's what we call a new school. So I want to show you an example of what that looks like. So one painting this would be the old school method, the new school. But method would be, And by the way, new school in old school isn't really like a scientific term. It just has to do with as names are getting more complicated, there start to become more of a need to use it within, and it's pent one. I mean, all right. So I know that that next one, that second one doesn't look quite as nice. It's like, Yuck! There's numbers inside of my word. But sometimes that becomes essential, especially when you have more than one modifier in the word. So, for example, let's say that I had a double bond and alcohol. So let's say that I had pent in all okay, Notice that the E n describes that I have a double bond and the O. L describes that I have a wage somewhere. Okay, let's say that they are in positions one and four. Okay, if I just say 14 panting all that's really confusing because I don't know which one is where. I don't know. Is the in on the one or is that even on the floor? So that's why I'm gonna have to put at least one of these inside of the route. So then this would be a lot more clear. For example, if I did one pent in Well, actually, let's do it the other way. One pent four, you know. Okay, that would be a lot more descriptive, because now I would know. Okay. The four directly describes the Al Qaim. Okay, so I'm just trying to show you that that would be more like a new school method to put at least one of the numbers inside of there. And conversely, on the other hand, you also could have written it. You would have been obliterated as four panting one. All that would have also been fine. Okay. It's It's just about making sure that each modifier has its own number. Okay, So for this compound noticed that I was kind of giving you all this this whole pep top, because you're gonna need it for Be so for this compound. I wanted to try to solve it on your own, realized that I had a dull upon and alcohol. So it's gonna provide a special challenge and go ahead and try to get the right answer.
The biggest takeaway here is just to remember that having more than one location in front of your root name is always a mistake!
Place at least one of the locations within the root (or even all of them).
3
example
Name the following compound
3m
Play a video:
Was this helpful?
So the first thing to notice here is that we have a ring. So this is gonna be a cyclo Al Cane. Remember when I told you guys that if you had a cyclo al cane and it had one substitute Wint, then you could admit the number in this case, we're not gonna wanna do that because we have more than one thing coming off of it. So this is a little bit more complex. We want to say the location of everything. All right, So the first thing is, what's the root gonna be? So let's go ahead and just box this off because I know that came from the last example. So what? What is going to be the name of this route? Well, the route is gonna be a combination of a lot of stuff. It's gonna be the amount of carvings that are in this ring. Plus, it's gonna have the word cyclo in it. Plus it's gonna have the two modifiers in it, right? So I'm just gonna start with the easiest one. The route would just be cyclo hexane. Okay, But after adding my two modifiers, this is actually gonna turn into cyclo heck seen all. Does that make sense? Because I have a dull bond and I haven't alcohol. Now what I have to do is figure out the locations of everything. So because this is a ring, I can start wherever I want. So where am I gonna wanna put my one carbon? My number one, obviously. The alcohol. Why? Because alcohol beats all. So that means that this is my one. And now I have two options. I can either go counterclockwise or clockwise, red or green, depending on our rules of priority. What would be the next step? Which one would come next? And the answer is that double bonds received more priority than Hala Jen's, so that what that means is that the I might be really close, but the double bond has more priority. So dull Bond is going to get my two here, and then we're just gonna keep numbering around. So I get 3456 So that means that if I were to name my substitue INTs, what kind of substitutes do I have? Well, all I have in terms of substitutes is the iodine, so that would be a six iota. Okay, remember that double bonds and alcohols aren't called substitutes. They're called, they get modifiers. So that's my only substitue int. It's not. The only thing I have to do is figure out where the locations of these we're going to go. What are the locations? Well, it seems like I have a one, and I have a two. So is it okay for me just to say this is one to cyclo hexane all? No, that's not okay. We're gonna have to put at least one of these numbers inside of the word, so it's more specific. What? What? This is. Okay, so the one that I'm gonna choose to put inside you could pick whatever number you want, I'll just pick the one. Okay. So what that means is that the final name here would be six iota to cyclo Heck, scene one all. Okay. But like I said, if you made it one cyclo, let me see one cyclo hex, too. In all that would have also been fine. Okay? Also, just you know, some people put all the numbers inside, so another option would have been to say, this is getting annoying at this point, but cyclo hex too. In one all that would also be completely fine. Alright. So any of these any combinations of these you want, go ahead and use them. I'm going to stop telling you all the different combinations after this lesson because I think it's just a waste of time to do this. Every single permutation for every single name. But I did want you to see one example of me showing you every everything. Okay, the one that you can't do Is this one up here? That one just sucks, because it's not specific enough. All right, so very good. Let's go ahead and move on.