Organic Chemistry

Learn the toughest concepts covered in Organic Chemistry with step-by-step video tutorials and practice problems by world-class tutors.

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans Conformations

Before we can really understand chair conformations, we have to practice drawing them! These tricky little suckers can be hard to get right.  

Method for Drawing Chairs
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concept

How to draw chairs.

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now that we understand the positions of Cyclonic saying I'm actually going to take, like, five minutes just to teach you how to draw it. I know that sounds kind of juvenile, but once again, there are so many people that struggle to draw this weird shape that it's like, not even worth it not to go over it. We should just go over it once, make sure that you have at least one solid wait, how to draw it, and then we'll move on from there. Okay? So how to draw a cyclo? Hexane the easiest. I've actually seen a lot of different explanations in different books. The easiest one that I found is this. I always just draw to slightly angled parallel lines like that. Okay. And then all I do is I cap off both ends. What that means is I use liken up cap for the down one, and he was a down cap for the bottom one. Okay, that one actually came out really nice. You would think that like I'm a pro. We'll kind of ant, but they usually come up. Not that nice. So that's how to draw a psycho heck scene and it turns out that. And then obviously, if you want to draw the other one, you should be able to draw both. You would draw the slightly parallel lines the other way, and then you cap them the other way. Okay, so that one came out okay too. Okay. These air, totally like legit, like this would totally work in a test. All right. I'm sure that some of you girls control this way nicer than I can, but whatever. I'm just saying this works.
  1. Draw two slightly angled parallel lines. 
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  1. Cap both ends off
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How did you do?

 

It's ok if you didn't draw it beautifully the first time - practice makes perfect!

Cis and Trans
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concept

How to distinguish cis from trans.

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what I want to teach you guys how to determine Assistant Trans. Okay, CIS and Trans is not based on whether you're positions or actual equatorial. That's one of the biggest misconceptions in this chapter. A lot of students say, Oh, but they're both equatorial, so that means that they should be cysts or one assistant. One is equatorial, and when is actual, so they should be trans wrong. That's not how you decided at all. Assistant Trans is actually gonna be based on whether the groups are facing the same face of the ring. And what I mean, my face is just top or bottom. Okay, So what that means is that I'm not gonna be looking at positions are gonna be looking at direction.

Cis or trans is based on whether the groups are facing the same face (top or bottom) of the ring.

  • It has nothing to do with the axial and equatorial positions!
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example

Is the following cyclohexane cis or trans?

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Overall, I have an actual position. This would be Axel, right? And then this would be an equatorial position. Do you agree with me so far? Because one is going straight up, and then one's going slightly opposite direction off the actual that would be here. Okay, but that's not what I care about. When I think about Assistant Trans, all I think about is what direction is it facing on the ring? Well, this one is facing the top part of the ring, and this one would also be facing the top part of the ring because it's going slightly up. So what that means is these are both facing the same face of the ring, which would be the top. So these air actually cysts isn't that interesting? So I don't look at Equatorial Axel. I just look at what direction is it going
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example

Is the following cyclohexane cis or trans?

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now notice the's air. Both axial. I have axial and axial. Does that matter? No, it doesn't. These air still gonna be trans? Okay? The reason they're trans is because I have one facing the top face of the ring, one facing the bottom face of the ring. So they're facing opposite directions. So that would be trans. Alright. Does that make sense to you guys? That's that's how easy it is. It does not to get any more complicated than that. All right, so let's move on to our next topic.
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Not too bad, right? It's as easy as it sounds! Let's move on.

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