What occurs when an electron transitions from a higher energy level to a lower energy level in an atom?

• A. The atom absorbs energy from its surroundings.
• B. A photon is emitted with energy equal to the difference between the two levels.
• C. No change occurs in the energy of the atom.
• D. The electron is ejected from the atom.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that electrons in an atom occupy specific energy levels or orbitals, each with a defined energy value.
2. When an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, it loses energy because lower levels are more stable and have less energy.
3. The lost energy is released in the form of electromagnetic radiation, typically as a photon.
4. The energy of the emitted photon corresponds exactly to the difference in energy between the two levels, which can be expressed as \(E_{photon} = E_{higher} - E_{lower}\).
5. Therefore, the process results in the emission of a photon, not absorption or ejection of the electron.