Nitrogen Family Reactions - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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concept
Nitrogen Family Reactions
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In this series of videos, we're gonna take a look at the elements in group five A otherwise known as the nitrogen family of elements. Now, the reactions in this group are driven by the presence of five valence electrons in their S MP subs shells. Now we're gonna cover two types of reactions. We're gonna have these group five A elements reacting with water or a halogen. Now, for them to react with water, they first need to form what we call halis. So we're first gonna talk about the reaction with halogens. Once we do that, then we're gonna talk about the reaction with water. We can see as we're progressing towards the right of the periodic table that we have to pass through groups one A to four A before we get to group five A group five in itself has a lot of diversity. In terms of the types of elements present. We have our, basically our non metals in the form of nitrogen and phosphorus. We have our metalloid in the form of arsenic and antimony. And then we have our metallic bismuth row seven is made up of synthetic manmade elements, heavy elements, they're very unpredictable. So we tend not to pay attention to them when it comes to these different groups. So we're gonna be paying attention to rows two to row six. So again, in this series of videos, we're gonna take a look at the different types of reactions of our nitrogen family of elements.
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concept
Reaction with Halogens
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When it comes to the reaction with halogens, we're gonna say the nitrogen family elements react with halogens to produce tri hides and PTA halis. Now recall nonmetals from periods three or lower. So periods three and lower can have expanded octets. So if we're looking at this periods three and lower, well, nitrogen is in period two. So nitrogen can't form a Penta haid, can't have an expanded octet. Also, we said nonmetals, bismuth is metallic. So bismuth would not be included arsenic and antimony or metalloid. So they have nonmetal characteristics with them. So they can fit under this idea of having expanded octets. Now here, if we take a look at reactions with halogens, we have e here which represents basically anything within that group. And here it's reacting with a diatomic element. So here we're going to say that E reacts with X two, it'll create ex three, we need to balance this out. So we put a three here and a two here and we'd have to put a two here in this way. We've just created a tri Hallet. We have our group five, a element and we have three halogens with it. So this is our tri hale, this tri haid if it wanted, could continue onward and react with another mole of diatomic halogen. And it's here that those two additional halogens could be combined with this structure to give us our Penta haid. Here. It's already balanced, just coefficients have one across. So what do we take from this example? Well, what we take from this is that we start out with two moles of our group 58 element reacting with three moles of our diatomic halogen in order to create our triad. And then that tri haid if you want, it could react with 1/4 mole of our diatomic halogen to create this Ptah haid. So all in all it takes about a total of four moles of diatomic halogens to take a group five a element all the way to a Penta haid. So just look at these patterns and remember them in the creation of Tri halis and Penta halis.
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example
Nitrogen Family Reactions Example
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Here, it says, determine the product formed in the following reaction. We have two moles of nitrogen solid reacting with three moles of diatomic fluorine. We know that we're reacting two moles of our group five A element with three moles of diatomic halogen. The end result should be a tri haid. So we should create NF three, we still have to balance this. We have two nitrogens on this side but only one here. So I put a two here doing that would also balance out my fluorine because two and three gives me six fluorine on the product side. And we already have six fluorine on the reactant side. So this would be represent the formation of nitrogen tri fluoride or tri haid that's been formed from the reaction of two moles of our group five A element with three moles of our diatomic allergen.
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concept
Reaction with H2O
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2m
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So at this point, we've talked about the creation of tri halis and Penta halis. We're beginning with our group five A element. Once we've created those halis, we can then react them with water. We can say here that tri haid and PTA hides can react with water to form what we call oxy aids. Now, recall, we've talked about oxy acids in the past oxy AIDS themselves are covalent compounds containing a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxy anion. Now, the exception here is that the tri halogens of nitrogen are not involved in these reactions. All right. So here we have two example reactions. We have our tri haid and our palli both reacting with water. We can say here that our tri haid reacts with water. And a good way to remember the type of oxy aid form is that tri hides three halogens create oxy acids with three oxygens. So here we'd have H three E represents our group five A element and then 03. So again, try hides three halogens create oxy acids with three oxygens as a by-product, we'd also create a hydrogen Howard as a by-product. And then if we wanted to balance this out. That would be 1313. Now, Penta, how its reacting with water. Well, here a Penta how it has five halogens, but oxy acids don't go up to five oxygens. We have to go down one, the highest number of oxygens that we've seen with oxy acids is four. So we're gonna say palates create oxy aids, not with five oxygens, but with four. So here we have H three eo four. Again, we'd make a hydrogen halid as a balancing this out. This would be 1415. The most important thing here is to remember that tri halis create oxy acids with three oxygens. Palates create oxy acids with four oxygens. Again, three oxygens gives us for three halogens, gives us three oxygens. Five halogens can't give us five oxygens because we can't go up that high. So go down one, they create four oxygens. Remember that to help guide you to the type of oxy acids that are created.
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example
Nitrogen Family Reactions Example
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48s
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Here, it says complete and balance the following reaction. So here we have arsenic with three fluorine. So we have a tri haid tri halis make oxy acids. Three halogens make three oxygens. For oxy haid, it would be H three arsenic are group five element 03. And then we'd have our hydrogen Hallet that'd be H with the fluorine, balancing it out. So this would be aqueous, aqueous. We balance this out. We put a three here, we put a one here. We already have a three here and a one here. So now our equation is balanced. So again, try hides three halogens create oxy acids with three oxygens.
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Problem
Problem
Provide the products from the reaction between 2 moles of antimony with four moles of chlorine.
2 Sb(s) + 4 Cl2 →
A
SbCl3
B
Sb2Cl3
C
SbCl5
D
SbCl4
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Problem
Problem
Name the oxyacid created from the reaction between phosphorus trichloride and 3 moles of water.
A
hydrophorous acid
B
phoric acid
C
phosphorous acid
D
phosphoric acid
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