Which of the following best describes the purpose of a leavening agent in chemical processes such as baking?

• A. To prevent spoilage by killing bacteria
• B. To produce gases that cause dough or batter to rise
• C. To add flavor to the final product
• D. To increase the acidity of the mixture

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that a leavening agent is a substance used in baking to produce gases, typically carbon dioxide, which create bubbles in dough or batter.
2. Recognize that these gas bubbles expand when heated, causing the dough or batter to rise and become light and porous.
3. Note that leavening agents do not primarily function to kill bacteria, add flavor, or increase acidity, although some may have secondary effects.
4. Common examples of leavening agents include baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and baking powder, which release gases through chemical reactions during baking.
5. Therefore, the main purpose of a leavening agent is to produce gases that cause dough or batter to rise, improving texture and volume.