Multiple Choice
Which of the following compounds forms a powerful acid and also contains a halogen?
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3. Chemical Reactions
Naming Acids
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Which of the following correctly describes how acids are named?
A
If the anion name ends in -ate, the acid name ends with '-ous acid'.
B
If the anion name ends in -ide, the acid name begins with 'hydro-' and ends with '-ic acid'.
C
If the anion name ends in -ite, the acid name ends with '-ic acid'.
D
If the anion name ends in -ate, the acid name ends with '-ic acid'.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that acids are named based on the names of their corresponding anions (the negative ions). The suffixes of the anion names determine the suffixes or prefixes used in the acid names.
Recall the naming rules for acids derived from anions:
- If the anion ends in '-ide', the acid name begins with 'hydro-' and ends with '-ic acid'.
- If the anion ends in '-ate', the acid name ends with '-ic acid'.
- If the anion ends in '-ite', the acid name ends with '-ous acid'.
Analyze each option given in the problem and compare it to these rules to identify which statements correctly describe acid naming.
Note that the suffix '-ous acid' corresponds to anions ending in '-ite', not '-ate'. Similarly, the prefix 'hydro-' is only used when the anion ends in '-ide'.
Summarize the correct naming conventions:
- Anion '-ide' → Acid 'hydro-' + root + '-ic acid'
- Anion '-ate' → Acid root + '-ic acid'
- Anion '-ite' → Acid root + '-ous acid'
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