In paper chromatography, what is the primary function of the stationary phase?

• A. To act as the mobile phase and carry the sample up the paper
• B. To separate components based on their affinity for the paper
• C. To provide a source of ions for detection
• D. To dissolve the sample for analysis

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that in paper chromatography, two phases are involved: the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
2. Recognize that the stationary phase is the phase that does not move and is typically the paper itself, which is usually made of cellulose.
3. Know that the primary function of the stationary phase is to interact with the components of the mixture based on their affinity or attraction to the paper.
4. Realize that components with higher affinity for the stationary phase will move more slowly, while those with lower affinity will move faster with the mobile phase.
5. Conclude that this difference in movement rates allows the separation of components based on how strongly they interact with the stationary phase.