Which type of energy is primarily associated with the random motion of the particles in a substance?

• A. Potential energy
• B. Thermal energy
• C. Chemical energy
• D. Electrical energy

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that energy in substances can be categorized into different types based on the source or nature of the energy.
2. Recall that potential energy is related to the position or arrangement of particles, such as in chemical bonds or gravitational fields.
3. Recognize that chemical energy is a form of potential energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules.
4. Identify that electrical energy involves the movement or flow of electric charges.
5. Know that thermal energy is the energy associated with the random, microscopic motion of particles (atoms and molecules) in a substance, which increases with temperature.