How does the structure of water affect its ability to act as a solvent?

• A. Water's polar nature allows it to dissolve ionic compounds and polar molecules effectively.
• B. Water's high density prevents it from dissolving most substances.
• C. Water's low boiling point limits its ability to act as a solvent.
• D. Water's nonpolar nature allows it to dissolve nonpolar substances effectively.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of polarity: Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
2. Examine the structure of water: The bent shape of the water molecule and the presence of hydrogen bonds contribute to its polarity, making it an effective solvent for ionic compounds and polar molecules.
3. Consider the interaction with ionic compounds: Water's polar nature allows it to surround and separate ions in ionic compounds, facilitating their dissolution.
4. Analyze the interaction with polar molecules: Water can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules, enhancing its ability to dissolve them.
5. Reflect on the limitations: While water is excellent at dissolving polar and ionic substances, its ability to dissolve nonpolar substances is limited due to the lack of attraction between nonpolar molecules and water's polar structure.