Identify the following carbohydrates as the ⍺ or β anomer:

(a)

Draw the ⍺ and β anomer of D-talose in pyranose ring form:

Pentoses also exist in a ring form, but they most commonly occur as furanose rings. D-Ribose exists in its furanose ring form in the nucleic acid RNA. Using the structure of D-ribose from Table 6.1, draw the furanose form of β-D-ribose.

Identify the following carbohydrates as the ⍺ or β anomer:

(a)

D-ribose is an aldopentose sugar that is found in the DNA. It commonly exists as a five-membered β anomer. Draw D‑ribose in its cyclic hemiacetal form.

In the monosaccharide hemiacetal shown below number all the carbon atoms, identify the anomeric carbon atom, and identify it as the α or β anomer.

The cyclic structure of D-idose, an aldohexose, is shown in the margin. Convert this to the straight-chain Fischer projection structure.

Identify the following as diastereomers, enantiomers, and/or anomers.

(a) β-D-fructose and β-D-fructose

(b) D-galactose and L-galactose

(c) L-allose and D-glucose (both aldohexoses)