Fe(s) is paramagnetic. What does this mean in terms of its behavior in a magnetic field?

• A. Fe(s) becomes superconducting in a magnetic field.
• B. Fe(s) does not interact with a magnetic field because it has no electrons.
• C. Fe(s) is attracted to a magnetic field due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
• D. Fe(s) is repelled by a magnetic field because all its electrons are paired.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'paramagnetic': Paramagnetic substances have one or more unpaired electrons, which cause them to be attracted to an external magnetic field.
2. Recall that iron (Fe) in its solid state has unpaired electrons in its d-orbitals, which contribute to its magnetic properties.
3. Recognize that materials with unpaired electrons generate a magnetic moment that aligns with an external magnetic field, resulting in attraction.
4. Contrast paramagnetism with diamagnetism: diamagnetic materials have all paired electrons and are weakly repelled by magnetic fields, while paramagnetic materials are attracted.
5. Conclude that since Fe(s) is paramagnetic, it means Fe(s) is attracted to a magnetic field due to the presence of unpaired electrons.