How does an atom emit light in the context of its emission spectrum?

• A. By electrons transitioning from higher energy levels to lower energy levels, releasing energy as photons.
• B. By absorbing photons and moving electrons to higher energy levels.
• C. By losing protons from the nucleus.
• D. By splitting into smaller atoms and releasing energy.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that an atom's emission spectrum is produced when electrons within the atom move between energy levels.
2. Recognize that electrons can occupy discrete energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus, each with a specific energy value.
3. When an electron transitions from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, it releases energy in the form of a photon of light.
4. The energy of the emitted photon corresponds exactly to the difference in energy between the two levels, which determines the wavelength (color) of the emitted light.
5. This process of electron transitions and photon emission creates the characteristic emission spectrum unique to each element.