Which type of hybrid orbitals is formed when two atomic orbitals are mixed during hybridization?

• A. sp3
• B. sp
• C. sp2
• D. sp3d

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that hybridization is the process where atomic orbitals mix to form new hybrid orbitals that are degenerate (have the same energy) and oriented in specific geometries to explain molecular shapes.
2. Recall that the type of hybrid orbitals formed depends on the number and types of atomic orbitals mixed. For example, mixing one s orbital and one p orbital forms sp hybrid orbitals.
3. Recognize that sp hybridization involves the mixing of one s orbital and one p orbital, resulting in two sp hybrid orbitals arranged linearly (180° apart).
4. Note that sp2 hybridization involves one s and two p orbitals mixing to form three sp2 hybrid orbitals arranged trigonal planar (120° apart), and sp3 involves one s and three p orbitals forming four sp3 hybrid orbitals arranged tetrahedrally (109.5° apart).
5. Therefore, when exactly two atomic orbitals (one s and one p) are mixed during hybridization, the type of hybrid orbitals formed is sp.