Which of the following is true about scientific theories in the context of atomic theory?

• A. Theories are well-substantiated explanations that can be modified with new evidence.
• B. Theories are the same as hypotheses and require no further testing.
• C. Theories are unchangeable and remain constant over time.
• D. Theories are guesses that lack experimental support.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definition of a scientific theory: A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence and has been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experimentation.
2. Differentiate between a theory and a hypothesis: A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested, while a theory is a comprehensive explanation supported by a large body of evidence.
3. Recognize that scientific theories are not static: Theories can be modified or refined as new evidence becomes available, reflecting the dynamic nature of scientific understanding.
4. Identify the role of experimental support: Theories are supported by extensive experimental evidence, distinguishing them from mere guesses or speculations.
5. Apply this understanding to atomic theory: Atomic theory, like other scientific theories, is a well-substantiated explanation that has evolved over time with new discoveries and evidence, such as the development from Dalton's atomic theory to the modern quantum mechanical model.