Which term refers to the relative ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond?

• A. Electronegativity
• B. Ionization energy
• C. Atomic radius
• D. Electron affinity

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the question is asking for a term that describes how strongly an atom attracts electrons when it forms a chemical bond.
2. Recall the definitions of the given terms: Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom; Atomic radius is the size of an atom; Electron affinity is the energy change when an atom gains an electron; Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a bond.
3. Identify that the term specifically related to attracting electrons in a chemical bond is Electronegativity.
4. Note that Electronegativity is a dimensionless quantity that varies across the periodic table and helps predict bond polarity.
5. Conclude that the correct term for the relative ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond is Electronegativity.