Which type of force is responsible for holding atoms together within a molecule?

• A. Gravitational forces
• B. Van der Waals forces
• C. Electrostatic repulsion
• D. Chemical bonds

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that atoms within a molecule are held together by forces that involve the sharing or transfer of electrons, which create an attraction between the atoms.
2. Recognize that gravitational forces are extremely weak at the atomic scale and do not play a significant role in holding atoms together within molecules.
3. Know that Van der Waals forces are weak intermolecular forces that act between molecules, not the primary forces holding atoms together inside a molecule.
4. Identify that electrostatic repulsion occurs between like charges (such as electrons or protons) and would actually push atoms apart rather than hold them together.
5. Conclude that the forces responsible for holding atoms together within a molecule are chemical bonds, which are strong electrostatic attractions between atoms due to shared or transferred electrons.