Multiple Choice
The ammonia molecule (NH_3) in the diagram has the observed bond orientation because:
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12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory
Molecular Geometry
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What is the molecular geometry around the oxygen atom in CH3OH (methanol)?
A
Tetrahedral
B
Linear
C
Bent
D
Trigonal planar
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the central atom of interest, which is the oxygen atom in CH3OH (methanol).
Determine the number of regions of electron density (bonding and lone pairs) around the oxygen atom. Oxygen in methanol is bonded to two atoms (one carbon and one hydrogen) and has two lone pairs of electrons.
Use the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory to predict the shape. Four regions of electron density (2 bonds + 2 lone pairs) around oxygen correspond to a tetrahedral electron geometry.
Since lone pairs occupy space and repel bonding pairs more strongly, the molecular geometry (shape considering only atoms) around oxygen is 'bent' or 'angular', not tetrahedral.
Conclude that the molecular geometry around the oxygen atom in CH3OH is bent due to the presence of two lone pairs and two bonded atoms.
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