According to the octet rule, how many electrons does an atom generally need in its outermost energy level to achieve maximum stability?

• A. 2
• B. 8
• C. 10
• D. 6

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the octet rule: it states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have eight electrons in their outermost energy level, which leads to maximum stability.
2. Recognize that the octet rule applies mainly to main-group elements, especially those in the second period of the periodic table.
3. Recall that the outermost energy level (valence shell) can hold up to 8 electrons for most atoms, corresponding to a full s and p subshell.
4. Note the exception for hydrogen and helium, which are stable with 2 electrons in their outermost shell (duet rule), but for most atoms, the goal is 8 electrons.
5. Conclude that according to the octet rule, an atom generally needs 8 electrons in its outermost energy level to achieve maximum stability.