Which of the following solutions has the highest molarity?

• A. 2.0 mol of NaCl dissolved in 1.0 L of solution
• B. 1.0 mol of NaCl dissolved in 1.0 L of solution
• C. 0.5 mol of NaCl dissolved in 0.5 L of solution
• D. 2.0 mol of NaCl dissolved in 2.0 L of solution

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Recall that molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution in liters. The formula is: \(M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{volume of solution in liters}}\).
2. Calculate the molarity for each solution by dividing the given moles of NaCl by the given volume of the solution.
3. For example, for the first solution: \(M = \frac{1.0\ \text{mol}}{1.0\ \text{L}}\).
4. Repeat this calculation for the other solutions: \(\frac{0.5\ \text{mol}}{0.5\ \text{L}}\), \(\frac{2.0\ \text{mol}}{2.0\ \text{L}}\), and \(\frac{2.0\ \text{mol}}{1.0\ \text{L}}\).
5. Compare all the calculated molarities to determine which solution has the highest molarity.