Earth takes in thermal energy from the Sun in a process called:

• A. conduction
• B. convection
• C. reflection
• D. radiation

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation are the three primary ways thermal energy is transferred.
2. Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, where kinetic energy is passed from molecule to molecule.
3. Convection involves the movement of fluid (liquid or gas) carrying heat from one place to another, often seen in air or water currents.
4. Reflection is not a mode of heat transfer but rather the bouncing back of light or heat energy from a surface.
5. Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, which can travel through the vacuum of space, allowing the Sun's energy to reach Earth.