Which type of chemical bond is formed by the end-on overlap of atomic orbitals?

• A. Hydrogen bond
• B. Ionic bond
• C. Sigma (σ) bond
• D. Pi (π) bond

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that chemical bonds form by the overlap of atomic orbitals between atoms.
2. Recognize that there are different types of covalent bonds based on how orbitals overlap: sigma (σ) bonds and pi (π) bonds.
3. Recall that a sigma (σ) bond is formed by the end-on (head-to-head) overlap of atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis.
4. Know that a pi (π) bond is formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals above and below the internuclear axis.
5. Conclude that the bond formed by end-on overlap of atomic orbitals is a sigma (σ) bond.