Which of the following statements about the formation of hybrid orbitals is false?

• A. Hybrid orbitals are formed by the mixing of atomic orbitals on the same atom.
• B. Hybrid orbitals are formed by the combination of atomic orbitals from different atoms.
• C. Hybridization can involve s, p, and d orbitals depending on the atom and its bonding.
• D. The number of hybrid orbitals formed equals the number of atomic orbitals mixed.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of hybridization: Hybrid orbitals are formed when atomic orbitals on the same atom mix to create new orbitals that are degenerate (have the same energy) and oriented to maximize bonding.
2. Recall that hybrid orbitals are always formed from atomic orbitals of the same atom, not from orbitals of different atoms. This is a key principle in valence bond theory.
3. Review each statement carefully: The statement claiming that hybrid orbitals form by combining atomic orbitals from different atoms contradicts the fundamental definition of hybridization.
4. Confirm that the other statements are true: hybridization can involve s, p, and sometimes d orbitals; and the number of hybrid orbitals formed equals the number of atomic orbitals mixed.
5. Conclude that the false statement is the one that says hybrid orbitals form by combining orbitals from different atoms, as hybridization only involves orbitals on the same atom.