Under which conditions is the molar volume of an ideal gas equal to 22.4 L?

• A. At a temperature of 25°C and a pressure of 1 atm
• B. At a temperature of 0°C and a pressure of 1 atm
• C. At a temperature of 0°C and a pressure of 2 atm
• D. At a temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 2 atm

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Recall that the molar volume of an ideal gas is the volume occupied by one mole of the gas under specific conditions of temperature and pressure.
2. Understand that the value 22.4 L for the molar volume is defined at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), which is commonly taken as 0°C (273 K) and 1 atm pressure.
3. Recognize that the ideal gas law, given by \(P \times V = n \times R \times T\), relates pressure (P), volume (V), number of moles (n), gas constant (R), and temperature (T).
4. At STP, for one mole of gas (\(n=1\)), rearranging the ideal gas law gives \(V = \frac{n \times R \times T}{P}\), which evaluates to approximately 22.4 L when \(T=273\) K and \(P=1\) atm.
5. Note that changing either temperature or pressure from these standard conditions will change the molar volume, so 22.4 L is specific to 0°C (273 K) and 1 atm.